Polypterus Palmas a.k.a IKAN NAGA

Palmas merupakan ikan yang tergolong dalam Family Polypteridae (Bichir), artinya ikan bersirip banyak. Ikan ini termasuk ikan primitif dan sering disebut sebagai "snake like fish" (ikan mirip ular). Penyebaran adalah di Afrika Barat.
Palmas adalah ikan pemangsa (predator), carnivora. Ikan ini mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengambil udara dengan alat yang telah termodifikasi sedemikan rupa menyerupai paru-paru, disamping itu ia mampu untuk merayap diatas tanah dengan menggunakan sirip dadanya yang kuat. Oleh karenanya dalam mememihara palmas dianjurkan agar memberikan penutup yang baik untuk mencegah ikan tersebut kabur. Palmas dapat dipelihara bersama-sama dengan ikan golongan Cichlidae yang memiliki ukuran lebih besar.
Panjang rata-rata ikan palmas adalah 30 cm. Hidup pada kisaran pH 6.5 - 7, dan temperatur 16-27 ° C. Sebagai carnivora, pakan utama palmas adalah pakan hidup berupa ikan kecil, atau daging-dagingan lain seperti daging udang atau daging ikan.

Scientific classification : Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Polypteriformes Family: Polypteridae Genus: Polypterus

Jenis-jenis ikan palmas :

Polypterus Endlicheri Endlicheris

Species Name : Polypterus endlicheri endlicheri
Common Name : Saddled bichir/Tiger Bichir
Size : max. 30”
pH : 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size : 180 gal
Native Location: Gazetteer Africa : Nile, Lake Chad, Chad basin, Niger, Volta, Bandama, Upper Comoé and Ouémé.
Temperature : 72°F-82°F
Diet : carnivorous
Breeding : Egg-layer
Gender Diffrences : Male with thicker and wider anal fin than female.


 

Polypterus endlicheri congicus

Species Name : Polypterus endlicheri congicus
Common Name : NA
Size : max. 38”
pH : 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size : 180 gal
Native Location : Gazetteer Central Africa: Congo basin and Lake Tanganyika
Temperature : 72°F-82°F
Diet : carnivorous
Breeding : Egg-layer
Gender Diffrences : Male with thicker and wider anal fin than female.



Polypterus ornatipinnis

Species Name : Polypterus ornatipinnis
Common Name : Ornate Bichir
Size : max. 24”
pH : 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size : 125 gal
Native Location : Gazetteer East and Central Africa: Congo River basin (Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola, Cameroun); Lake Tanganyika
Temperature : 72°F-82°F
Diet : carnivorous
Breeding : Egg-layer
Gender Diffrences : Male with thicker and wider anal fin than female.


Polypterus delhezi

Species Name : Polypterus delhezi
Common Name : Barred bichir/armoured bichir
Size : max. 17”
pH : 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size : 75 gal
Native Location : Gazetteer Central Africa: central basin of Congo River
Temperature : 72°F-82°F
Diet : carnivorous
Breeding : Egg-layer
Gender Diffrences : Male with thicker and wider anal fin than female.




Polypterus bichir lapradei

Species Name : Polypterus bichir lapradei
Common Name : Bichir
Size : max. 29"
pH : 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size : 180 gal
Native Location :  West Africa: found in Senegal River, Gambia River, Geba River, Volta River, Niger, Benoue River and Ouémé River.Also known from Lake Chad and Logone and Chari Rivers
Temperature : 72°F-82°F
Diet : piscivorous
Breeding : Egg-layer
Gender Diffrences : Male with thicker and wider anal fin than female.


Polypterus bichir bichir

Species Name : Polypterus bichir bichir
Common Name : Nile bichir
Size : max. 47”
pH : 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size : 180 gal
Native Location : Gazetteer Africa: Nile River, Lake Turkana and Omo River; Lake Chad, Chari River and Logone River
Temperature : 72°F-82°F
Diet : piscivorous
Breeding : Egg-layer
Gender Diffrences : Male with thicker and wider anal fin than female.

Polypterus palmas palmas

Species Name : Polypterus palmas palmas

Common Name : Shortfin bichir
Size : max. 12”
pH : 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size : 75 gal
Native Location : West Africa: known from the Cavally River basin in Côte d'Ivoire and the river basins of eastern Liberia up to the St.John River.
Temperature : 72°F-82°F
Diet : carnivorous
Breeding : Egg-layer



Polypterus palmas polli

Species Name : Polypterus palmas polli
Common Name : Marbled bichir
Size : max. 13”
pH : 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size : 75 gal
Native Location : Gazetteer West Africa: Lower and central Congo basin
Temperature : 72°F-82°F
Diet : carnivorous
Breeding : Egg-layer
Gender Diffrences : Male with thicker and wider anal fin than female. 




Polypterus palmas buettikoferi

Species name : Polypterus palmas buettikoferi

Common name(s) : Buettikofer's bichir

Origin : West Africa

Size : max.14"

 



 






Polypterus senegalus senegalus

 
Species Name: Polypterus senegalus
Common Name: Gray Bichir
Size: max. 20”
pH: 6.0 - 8.0
Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal
Native Location: Gazetteer Africa: Nile basin, basins of Sénégal, Gambia, Niger and Volta and Lake Chad; Congo and Lualaba river basins.
Temperature:72°F-82°F
Diet: omnivore
Breeding: Egg-layer
Gender Diffrences: Male with thicker and wider anal fin than female.  

 
>> albino variant

 Polypterus ansorgii

Species name : Polypterus palmas ansorgii

Common name(s) : Guinean bichir

Origin : Africa; described from the Corbal River (Corubal) in Guinea Bissau and recently reported in the Niger basin near Kouroussa in Guinea and in lake Kainji and the Ogun River in Nigeria

Size : max.28cm

 

Polypterus retropinnis

Species name : Polypterus retropinnis

Common name(s) : NA

Origin : West and Central Africa

Size : max. 34cm (14")

 

 
Polypterus mokelembembe

Species name : Polypterus mokelembembe

Common name(s) : NA

Origin : Central Africa, Congo River basin

Size : max.34cm (14")

 








Polypterus teugelsi

Species name : Polypterus teugelsi

Common name(s) : Cross River Bichir

Origin : Cross River, Nigeria & Cameroon Freshwater

Size : max.41,5cm 

 










Polypterus weeksii

Scientific name : Polypterus weeksii

Common name(s) : Weeks' bichir, Fat-headed bichir, Mottled bichir

Origin: Central Africa : Congo river basin

Max reported size (TL) : 54cm (22")

Posted in: ikan predator